Answer: D. 150 gm

Explanation: Bloom strength measures the firmness of gelatin. For soft gelatin capsules, a bloom strength of 150 gm is ideal, providing sufficient elasticity and strength for capsule formation and ensuring proper performance in dosage forms.

Answer: C. Increases Tg value

Explanation: In polymers, a higher degree of crystallinity typically increases the glass transition temperature (Tg) because the ordered crystalline regions restrict molecular mobility, leading to greater rigidity and thermal stability in the material.

Answer: B. 15 minutes

Explanation: The disintegration time for an uncoated tablet is typically around 15 minutes, ensuring that the tablet breaks down quickly in the gastrointestinal tract to release the active drug for absorption.

Answer: A. Stability of colloidal dispersions

Explanation: Zeta potential is a measure of the surface charge of particles in a colloidal dispersion. A high absolute zeta potential value usually indicates that the dispersion is stable due to electrostatic repulsion between particles.

Answer: A. Gold number

Explanation: The Gold number is a measure of the protective power of colloids. It indicates the minimum amount of protective colloid needed to prevent the coagulation of a standard gold sol, reflecting the colloidal stability.

Answer: C. > 4000

Explanation: In fluid dynamics, turbulent flow typically occurs when the Reynolds number is greater than 4000. This indicates that inertial forces dominate over viscous forces, leading to chaotic and eddying fluid motion.

Answer: B. Three times

Explanation: Under sink conditions, the volume of the dissolution medium should be at least three times the volume required to form a saturated solution of the API. This ensures that the drug remains in solution during the dissolution test.

Answer: B. Nitrocellulose

Explanation: Nitrocellulose is the film-forming agent used in nail polishes. It forms a hard, glossy film upon drying and provides durability and resistance to wear in cosmetic applications.

Answer: B. Inclusion complexes

Explanation: Cyclodextrin enhances drug bioavailability by forming inclusion complexes with drug molecules. This encapsulation improves solubility and stability, leading to better absorption and therapeutic effectiveness.

Answer: D. All of the above

Explanation: The absorption rate constant in pharmacokinetics can be determined by various methods including the method of residuals, Wagner-Nelson, and Loo-Riegelman methods. Each technique uses different mathematical approaches to estimate the rate of absorption.

Answer: B. Solid particles as colloidal silica

Explanation: A Pickering emulsion is stabilized by solid particles, such as colloidal silica, that adsorb at the oil–water interface. These particles prevent coalescence and enhance emulsion stability without the need for traditional surfactants.

Answer: B. -0.520°C

Explanation: A 0.9% sodium chloride solution, commonly known as normal saline, has a freezing point depression of approximately -0.520°C. This property is used in various applications including cryopreservation and medical therapies.

Answer: B. Type II

Explanation: The water attack test is used to assess the chemical durability of Type II glass. This test evaluates the resistance of the glass to water-induced degradation, which is critical in determining its suitability for various applications.

Answer: B. Sheet or ribbon of materials

Explanation: The Chilsonator is an industrial device that produces sheet or ribbon forms of material by controlled processing, which is useful in various manufacturing applications requiring uniform shape.

Answer: B. Live, attenuated

Explanation: The MMR vaccine is a live, attenuated vaccine that contains weakened forms of measles, mumps, and rubella viruses, which elicit strong immune responses while being safe for immunization.

Answer: D. Pseudoplastic

Explanation: Deflocculated suspensions exhibit pseudoplastic flow, where viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate. This behavior improves processability and dosing in pharmaceutical suspensions.

Answer: C. 8

Explanation: After sterilization with ethylene oxide, products require approximately 8 hours of aeration at 140°F to remove residual toxic gas, ensuring safety for use.

Answer: C. Good solubility & good permeability

Explanation: Class III drugs in the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) have high solubility and high permeability, which makes them rapidly absorbed, though formulation challenges may still exist.

Answer: D. TWEEN 80

Explanation: Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate is the chemical name for TWEEN 80, a nonionic surfactant used as an emulsifier and stabilizer in pharmaceutical and food applications.

Answer: B. 3.8-4.5

Explanation: A healthy vaginal pH in reproductive-age women is typically acidic, around 3.8 to 4.5, primarily maintained by Lactobacillus species which produce lactic acid to protect against infections.