Answer: C. Sun Pharma

Explanation: Vijay Mallya’s appointment as a board member or chairman of Sun Pharma was controversial due to his business background and legal issues, which stirred debate regarding corporate governance and ethical practices.

Answer: A. RS-1-(1-methylethylamino)-3-(1-naphthyloxy)-propan-2-ol

Explanation: The given IUPAC name correctly specifies the stereochemistry and substituents of propranolol according to accepted nomenclature.

Answer: A. 1805

Explanation: Morphine was discovered around 1805, making it one of the earliest identified alkaloids with potent analgesic properties.

Answer: C. Restricted rotation

Explanation: Gossypol exhibits stereochemistry primarily because of restricted rotation around its bonds, which gives rise to stable atropisomers.

Answer: B. Red

Explanation: The reaction between ferric chloride and catechol produces a red-colored complex, which is used as a qualitative test for phenolic groups.

Answer: A. Cyclohexanol

Explanation: Reduction of cyclohexanone typically yields cyclohexanol, an important intermediate in chemical synthesis.

Answer: D. A and T

Explanation: When double-stranded DNA melts, the number of adenine (A) and thymine (T) bases remains evident due to their complementary pairing, reflecting the overall base composition.

Answer: D. Fat

Explanation: Drugs that are highly lipophilic tend to accumulate in fat, where the equilibrium with blood is the slowest due to slow release.

Answer: B. Suspension

Explanation: DLVO theory explains the stability of colloidal suspensions by balancing attractive and repulsive forces between particles.

Answer: A. Cardiac output

Explanation: Cardiac output is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute and is a key indicator of cardiovascular function.

Answer: B. H-H > C-Cl > C-C > C-H

Explanation: The bond energy sequence reflects the relative strengths of bonds, with H-H being strongest, followed by C-Cl, then C-C, and finally C-H.

Answer: A. Less free energy than reactant

Explanation: In exothermic reactions, the products have lower free energy compared to the reactants, as energy is released during the process.

Answer: B. Cytosol

Explanation: Glycolysis takes place in the cytosol, where glucose is broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP.

Answer: D. Megakaryocytic

Explanation: Platelets originate from megakaryocytes, which are large bone marrow cells responsible for platelet production.

Answer: D. Wagner’s test

Explanation: Wagner’s test is one of the qualitative tests used for detecting caffeine based on its chemical reactivity.

Answer: A. SN2

Explanation: SN2 reactions generally proceed faster in H₂O compared to D₂O due to the kinetic isotope effect influencing the transition state.

Answer: C. Elimination

Explanation: Due to the kinetic isotope effect, the elimination reaction proceeds faster in H₂O than in D₂O because bond breaking steps are affected by the substitution of hydrogen with deuterium.

Answer: A. Internal compensation

Explanation: Meso compounds have an internal plane of symmetry that cancels optical activity even though they possess chiral centers, resulting in overall optical inactivity.

Answer: A. Diastereomers

Explanation: Erythrose and threose are stereoisomers that are not mirror images of each other, classifying them as diastereomers rather than enantiomers or anomers.

Answer: D. Streptomycin

Explanation: Streptomycin is not typically linked to liver toxicity, whereas rifampicin and pyrazinamide are known for their hepatotoxic potential.